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81.
From geometry to dynamics of microstructure: using boundary lengths to quantify boundary misorientations and anisotropy 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
John Wheeler Z. Jiang D. J. Prior J. Tullis M. R. Drury P. W. Trimby 《Tectonophysics》2003,376(1-2):19-35
The microstructure of a quartzite experimentally deformed and partially recrystallised at 900 °C, 1.2 GPa confining pressure and strain rate 10−6/s was investigated using orientation contrast and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). Boundaries between misoriented domains (grains or subgrains) were determined by image analysis of orientation contrast images. In each domain, EBSD measurements gave the complete quartz lattice orientation and enabled calculation of misorientation angles across every domain boundary. Results are analysed in terms of the boundary density, which for any range of misorientations is the boundary length for that range divided by image area. This allows a more direct comparison of misorientation statistics between different parts of a sample than does a treatment in terms of boundary number.The strain in the quartzite sample is heterogeneous. A 100×150 μm low-strain partially recrystallised subarea C was compared with a high-strain completely recrystallised subarea E. The density of high-angle (>10°) boundaries in E is roughly double that in C, reflecting the greater degree of recrystallisation. Low-angle boundaries in C and E are produced by subgrain rotation. In the low-angle range 0–10° boundary densities in both C and E show an exponential decrease with increasing misorientation. The densities scale with exp(−θ/λ) where λ is approximately 2° in C and 1° in E; in other words, E has a comparative dearth of boundaries in the 8–10° range. We explain this dearth in terms of mobile high-angle boundaries sweeping through and consuming low-angle boundaries as the latter increase misorientation through time. In E, the density of high-angle boundaries is larger than in C, so this sweeping would have been more efficient and could explain the relative paucity of 8–10° boundaries.The boundary density can be generalised to a directional property that gives the degree of anisotropy of the boundary network and its preferred orientation. Despite the imposed strain, the analysed samples show that boundaries are not, on average, strongly aligned. This is a function of the strong sinuosity of high-angle boundaries, caused by grain boundary migration. Low-angle boundaries might be expected, on average, to be aligned in relation to imposed strain but this is not found.Boundary densities and their generalisation in terms of directional properties provide objective measures of microstructure. In this study the patterns they show are interpreted in terms of combined subgrain rotation and migration recrystallisation, but it may be that other microstructural processes give distinctive patterns when analysed in this fashion. 相似文献
82.
闪长岩强风化带做高层建筑天然地基的可行性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
借助于中国工商银行山东省分行营业办公楼的工程实践,将常规勘察与原位测试相结合,运用野外钻探、室内试验、原位测试多种手段,对闪长岩强风化带的物理力学性质进行了测试分析和深入地研究,并通过对承载力、沉降变形的验算,得出其作为高层建筑的天然地基是可行的。实践证明,与桩基础处理方案相比,节省资金近200万元,大大加快了施工进度,减少了基础施工难度,取得了巨大的经济效益与社会效益;同时,也提出了研究岩石风化带所遇到的问题:由于采取原状试样及制样难,导致对其物理力学性质了解不够。 相似文献
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86.
岩质边坡稳定性分析的探讨 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过最大剪应力等值线来确定边坡的滑动面,并与其结构面抗剪强度相比较,给出了确定边坡的稳定系数的方法。 相似文献
87.
非饱和土抗剪强度理论的研究进展 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
非饱和土的工程性质是20世纪90年代以来国际岩土工程界研究的热点,非饱和土的抗剪强度是非饱和土的重要工程性质之一,在参阅了中、外文相关资料的基础上,总结了非饱和土抗剪强度理论的研究成果,提出了非饱和土抗剪强度有待进一步研究的问题。 相似文献
88.
对南宁2002年沥青、水泥等不同下垫面温度观测资料和紫外线辐射强度观测资料进行分析,结果表明:沥青、水泥日最高温度均比同期气温明显偏高;南宁属紫外线高辐射地区。 相似文献
89.
强度折减法在评价边坡稳定性时不需要假设和搜索临界滑裂面,相对于其它方法具有一定优势,但失稳判据尚无明
确标准。滑移线场理论(SLFT) 可以计算得到的极限状态下的边坡坡面曲线(简称极限坡面曲线),已有研究表明极限坡
面曲线与边坡坡面的相对位置关系可以判断边坡稳定性。基于该结论提出一种边坡强度折减法失稳判据:不同折减系数计
算得到不同的强度参数,因此滑移线场理论计算得到的极限坡面曲线将发生变化,当极限坡面曲线与边坡坡面在坡底相离
时,判断边坡为稳定状态;当极限坡面曲线与边坡坡面相交于坡脚时,判断边坡为极限平衡状态;当极限坡面曲线与边坡
坡面相交时,判断边坡为失稳状态。对标准边坡考题的计算结果表明:提出的失稳判据收敛性较好,安全系数计算结果与
标准答案和已有失稳判据分析结论相差较小;传统失稳判据收敛指标的确定没有明确标准,当位移突变曲线光滑时很难找
到突变点,很难准确计算对应的安全系数,更重要的是传统失稳判据判断边坡极限状态受到人为主观因素的影响,而提出
的失稳判据可以实现失稳判据的客观标准化;确定的临界滑裂面形状以及在边坡中的位置都与标准答案基本一致,提出的
失稳判据适用于强度折减法。 相似文献
90.
The Darwin Rise has been proposed so many times and in so many forms and places that the time has come to make a more comprehensive examination of the region. Lying on the NW Pacific Plate between the Geisha Guyots, the Mid-Pacific Mountains, the equator, and the trenches, the region is roughly bounded by magnetic anomaly M20 (147 Ma). It was subjected to a massive outpouring of lava about 105 to 120 Ma, which created the guyots and seamounts in that region. Guyots are excellent tools for studying events of long ago because they eroded in the same lowstand in the Cretaceous and guyot relief, therefore, is a surrogate for paleo-sealevel. The relief is derived by subtracting the break depth of the summit plateau of a guyot from the regional depth. Guyot relief would necessarily be less in the center than to the periphery if the feature formed on a pre-existing rise, as has been postulated. The existence of a paleo-Darwin Rise would give concentric contours for the region in question. Of the sixty guyots used in this study, thirty-seven of these guyots were surveyed using SASS multibeam in the Marcus-Wake seamount group. Twenty-three guyots were surveyed using random track single-beam sonar surveys. An entirely different scenario is shown. Data revealed a major fracture passing through the area coevally or after the guyots formed. Because the depths to the summit are not the same now, vertical tectonics occurred after subaerial erosion. This means the fracture formed during and after the erosion (roughly 105 Ma) and influenced the normal sequence of events in guyot formation. Depending on how one deciphers trends through the Hess Rise morass, SASS bathymetry shows a continuation of the Surveyor/Mendocino fracture zone swarm inside the M20 region to the NE of these data. The fracture swarm continues to the western Pacific trench system. Based on this information, if the Darwin Rise ever existed, it had to have done so elsewhere. 相似文献